带你了解“双J管”
本期继续为大家分享欧洲泌尿外科学会视频，通过动画演示了解“双J管”，其可帮助尿液从肾脏流入膀胱，暂时缓解输尿管结石引起的阻塞，或输尿管水肿引起的阻塞，本动画展示的是结石所致的输尿管堵塞，同时，附上英文资料，以供大家更好地学习、交流。
中 文 视 频
医生建议患者在肾脏与膀胱之间置入支架管，学名叫做“双J管”，支架管可帮助尿液从肾脏流入膀胱，暂时缓解输尿管结石引起的阻塞，或输尿管外的内部水肿引起的阻塞。
肾盂是连接肾脏与输尿管连接的部位，尿液从肾脏通过输尿管流入膀胱中，排尿过程中，尿液通过尿道从膀胱排出体外。本动画展示了结石引起的输尿管堵塞，尿液无法从肾脏流入膀胱中引起阻塞，有时伴有疼痛。
置入支架管的手术通常在全身麻醉下进行，医生将一根带有器械通道的内窥镜通过尿道插入膀胱，在可视下对膀胱进行检查并定位输尿管的开口位置。医生还可能会对比检查尿道，定位结石的位置，X线检查可清晰显示输尿管及结石的轮廓。随后一根“导丝”可通过内窥镜通道插入肾脏中，通过这根导丝可完成双J管的置入。双J管支架的两端均有J字形弯曲，以固定支架管。随后利用X线检查双J管两端在肾脏和膀胱的位置，双J管隔段时间会被取出，有时也会用于结石治疗前的临时干预手段。
患者的出院时间为当患者能够充分排空膀胱，且没有发烧或其他不适时。
English Subtitles
Your doctor has recommended to insert a stent between your kidney and your bladder.The medical term for this is a “double J stent”.The stent allows drainage of urine from the kidney into the bladder by temporarily relieving any blockage caused by a stone in the ureter or an internal swelling outside of the ureter.
The renal pelvis is the area where the kidney attaches to one of the ureters.Urine flows from the kidney through the ureters into the bladder.When emptying your bladder,the urethra transports the urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.This animation shows a blockage in the ureter caused by a stone.Urine is unable to flow from the kidney to the bladder,causing congestion and sometimes pain.
The procedure is usually done under general anesthesia.A tube with a tiny optic camera is inserted through the urethra into your bladder.The bladder is inspected and the ureteric opening is located.A contrast study may be performed to assess the urinary tract and to locate the obstruction.X-ray images can now clearly outline the ureter and the obstruction.A so-called “guide wire” is introduced through the camera into the kidney.The double J stent is inserted over this guide wire.J-shaped curls are present at both ends of the stent to hold the tube in place.X-ray is used to check that both ends are in place in the kidney and the bladder.The stent is later on removed or is sometimes used as a temporary intervention before the removal of the stone with another procedure.
You will be discharged from the hospital when you have been able to empty your bladder sufficiently,and you have no fever or other complaints.
上一篇: 肾结石的早期临床症状
下一篇: Vc吃多了会得肾结石？
